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自供電系統(tǒng)是一種相對較小但仍然重要的控制類型。這些系統(tǒng)使用測量變量的冪來誘導(dǎo)必要的糾正措施。例如，傳感器處的溫度變化會導(dǎo)致壓力或體積變化，這些變化直接作用于閥門或阻尼器致動器中的隔膜或波紋管。許多完整的控制系統(tǒng)使用上述類別的組合。組合系統(tǒng)的一個示例是空氣處理器的控制系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)包括風(fēng)扇的電氣開/關(guān)控制以及加熱和冷卻盤管的氣動控制。本手冊以下章節(jié)介紹了各種控制方法：-氣動控制基礎(chǔ)知識。-電氣控制基礎(chǔ)-電子控制基礎(chǔ)-基于微處理器/DDC基礎(chǔ)。請參見控制方法的特征和屬性。模擬和數(shù)字控制傳統(tǒng)上，模擬設(shè)備執(zhí)行HVAC控制。典型的模擬HVAC控制器為氣動型，可連續(xù)接收數(shù)據(jù)并對其進行操作。在氣動控制器中，傳感器向控制器發(fā)送連續(xù)的氣動信號，其壓力與被測變量的值成比例?？刂破鲗鞲衅靼l(fā)送的空氣壓力與設(shè)定點確定的所需空氣壓力值進行比較，并根據(jù)比較結(jié)果發(fā)出控制信號。

Self-powered systems are a comparatively minor but still important type of control. These systems use the power of the measured variable to induce the necessary corrective action. For example, temperature changes at a sensor cause pressure or volume changes that are applied directly to the diaphragm or bellows in the valve or damper actuator. Many complete control systems use a combination of the above categories. An example of a combined system is the control system for an air handler that includes electric on/off control of the fan and pneumatic control for the heating and cooling coils. Various control methods are described in the following sections of this manual: — Pneumatic Control Fundamentals. — Electric Control Fundamentals. — Electronic Control Fundamentals. — Microprocessor-Based/DDC Fundamental. See CHARACTERISTICS AND ATTRIBUTES OF CONTROL METHODS. ANALOG AND DIGITAL CONTROL Traditionally, analog devices have performed HVAC control. A typical analog HVAC controller is the pneumatic type which receives and acts upon data continuously. In a pneumatic controller, the sensor sends the controller a continuous pneumatic signal, the pressure of which is proportional to the value of the variable being measured. The controller compares the air pressure sent by the sensor to the desired value of air pressure as determined by the setpoint and sends out a control signal based on the comparison.