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為了確保高質(zhì)量的通風(fēng)空氣并將所需的空氣量降至低，室外進氣口的位置必須避免建筑物排氣、車輛排放和其他污染源。室內(nèi)排氣系統(tǒng)應(yīng)在其源頭收集異味或污染物。建筑物所需的通風(fēng)量可以通過空氣清洗器、高效過濾器、吸收化學(xué)品（如活性炭）或氣味調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)來減少。通風(fēng)要求因居住人數(shù)和空間的預(yù)期用途而異。有關(guān)空間類型、占用水平和所需通風(fēng)的詳細信息，請參閱ASHRAE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)62。圖14顯示了提供100%室外空氣的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。這種類型的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)通常用于氣味或污染物源于空調(diào)空間的地方（例如，排氣罩和風(fēng)扇清除煙霧的實驗室）。此類應(yīng)用需要調(diào)節(jié)補充空氣，以提供可接受的環(huán)境。排至室外排風(fēng)機回風(fēng)空間補風(fēng)送風(fēng)機盤管過濾器室外送風(fēng)C2711圖14。使用100%室外空氣的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。在許多應(yīng)用中，能源成本使得100%室外空氣定容系統(tǒng)不經(jīng)濟。因此，可以使用其他控制內(nèi)部污染物的方法，如可變?nèi)莘e通風(fēng)柜控制、空間增壓控制和空氣凈化系統(tǒng)。使用回風(fēng)的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)（圖15）比100%室外空氣系統(tǒng)更常見?；仫L(fēng)通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)再循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中的大部分回風(fēng)，并添加室外空氣進行通風(fēng)。回風(fēng)系統(tǒng)可能有一個單獨的風(fēng)扇來克服管道壓力

To ensure high-quality ventilation air and minimize the amount required, the outdoor air intakes must be located to avoid building exhausts, vehicle emissions, and other sources of pollutants. Indoor exhaust systems should collect odors or contaminants at their source. The amount of ventilation a building requires may be reduced with air washers, high efficiency filters, absorption chemicals (e.g., activated charcoal), or odor modification systems. Ventilation requirements vary according to the number of occupants and the intended use of the space. For a breakdown of types of spaces, occupancy levels, and required ventilation, refer to ASHRAE Standard 62. Figure 14 shows a ventilation system that supplies 100 percent outdoor air. This type of ventilation system is typically used where odors or contaminants originate in the conditioned space (e.g., a laboratory where exhaust hoods and fans remove fumes). Such applications require make-up air that is conditioned to provide an acceptable environment. EXHAUST TO OUTDOORS EXHAUST FAN RETURN AIR SPACE MAKE-UP AIR SUPPLY FAN COIL FILTER OUTDOOR AIR SUPPLY C2711 Fig. 14. Ventilation System Using 100 Percent Outdoor Air. In many applications, energy costs make 100 percent outdoor air constant volume systems uneconomical. For that reason, other means of controlling internal contaminants are available, such as variable volume fume hood controls, space pressurization controls, and air cleaning systems. A ventilation system that uses return air (Fig. 15) is more common than the 100 percent outdoor air system. The returnair ventilation system recirculates most of the return air from the system and adds outdoor air for ventilation. The return-air system may have a separate fan to overcome duct pressure