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死區(qū)：受控系統(tǒng)未采取糾正措施且未使用能量的受控變量范圍。另見“零能帶”。偏差：設(shè)定值與受控變量在任何時(shí)刻的值之間的差值。也稱為“偏移”。DDC：直接數(shù)字控制。另請(qǐng)參見數(shù)字和數(shù)字控制。數(shù)字：一系列開關(guān)脈沖，用來(lái)傳送信息。摩爾斯電碼就是一個(gè)早期的例子。處理器（計(jì)算機(jī)）使用數(shù)字語(yǔ)言運(yùn)行。數(shù)字控制：一種控制回路，其中基于微處理器的控制器根據(jù)傳感器輸入和設(shè)定點(diǎn)參數(shù)直接控制設(shè)備。編程控制順序確定設(shè)備的輸出。降速：由熱負(fù)荷或冷負(fù)荷變化引起的兩位控制系統(tǒng)中控制點(diǎn)和設(shè)定點(diǎn)之間的持續(xù)偏差。增強(qiáng)型比例-積分-微分（EPID）控制：一種控制算法，通過(guò)允許設(shè)計(jì)者輸入啟動(dòng)輸出值和誤差斜坡持續(xù)時(shí)間以及增益和設(shè)定點(diǎn)，增強(qiáng)了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PID算法。這些附加參數(shù)的配置使PID輸出在啟動(dòng)時(shí)平穩(wěn)變化到控制點(diǎn)，超調(diào)或欠調(diào)可以忽略不計(jì)。電氣控制：一種在線或低壓運(yùn)行的控制電路，使用機(jī)械手段，如溫度敏感雙金屬或波紋管，來(lái)執(zhí)行控制功能，如啟動(dòng)開關(guān)或定位電位計(jì)?？刂破餍盘?hào)通常操作或定位電動(dòng)執(zhí)行器，或直接或通過(guò)繼電器切換電氣負(fù)載。電子控制：一種在低壓下工作的控制電路，使用固態(tài)元件放大輸入信號(hào)并執(zhí)行控制功能，如操作繼電器或提供輸出信號(hào)以定位執(zhí)行器?？刂破魍ǔＬ峁┗诠虘B(tài)組件邏輯的固定控制例程。終控制元件：用于改變操縱變量值的裝置，如閥門或阻尼器。由致動(dòng)器定位。狩獵：參見騎自行車。

Deadband: A range of the controlled variable in which no corrective action is taken by the controlled system and no energy is used. See also “zero energy band”. Deviation: The difference between the setpoint and the value of the controlled variable at any moment. Also called “offset”. DDC: Direct Digital Control. See also Digital and Digital control. Digital: A series of on and off pulses arranged to convey information. Morse code is an early example. Processors (computers) operate using digital language. Digital control: A control loop in which a microprocessorbased controller directly controls equipment based on sensor inputs and setpoint parameters. The programmed control sequence determines the output to the equipment. Droop: A sustained deviation between the control point and the setpoint in a two-position control system caused by a change in the heating or cooling load. Enhanced proportional-integral-derivative (EPID) control: A control algorithm that enhances the standard PID algorithm by allowing the designer to enter a startup output value and error ramp duration in addition to the gains and setpoints. These additional parameters are configured so that at startup the PID output varies smoothly to the control point with negligible overshoot or undershoot. Electric control: A control circuit that operates on line or low voltage and uses a mechanical means, such as a temperature-sensitive bimetal or bellows, to perform control functions, such as actuating a switch or positioning a potentiometer. The controller signal usually operates or positions an electric actuator or may switch an electrical load directly or through a relay. Electronic control: A control circuit that operates on low voltage and uses solid-state components to amplify input signals and perform control functions, such as operating a relay or providing an output signal to position an actuator. The controller usually furnishes fixed control routines based on the logic of the solidstate components. Final control element: A device such as a valve or damper that acts to change the value of the manipulated variable. Positioned by an actuator. Hunting: See Cycling.